#	Title	Year
1.	Budget Issues: Agency Implementation of Capital Planning Principles Is Mixed Results from an evaluation of selected agencies' (i.e., VA, the Park Service, BOP, and NOAA) implementation of the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) "Capital Programming Guide" and the GAO's ... Read More	2004
2.	Highlights of a GAO Forum: High-Performing Organizations: Metrics, Means, and Mechanisms for Achieving High Performance in the 21st Century Public Management Environment High-performance in organizations increasingly involved in "partnerships that cut across different levels of government and different sectors of the economy" is discussed (p. 1). The following ... Read More	2004
3.	Criminal Debt: Actions Still Needed to Address Deficiencies in Justice's Collection Processes The U.S. Department of Justice's progress on GAO recommendations made in 2001 are evaluated. Sections of this report are: executive summary; results in brief; background; scope and methodology; ... Read More	2004
4.	Immigration Enforcement: Better Data and Controls are Needed to Assure Consistency with the Supreme Court Decision on Long-Term Alien Detention The ability of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau (ICE) to comply with the U.S. Supreme Courts ruling on the lawlessness of indefinite detention in Zadvydas v. Davis is assessed. ... Read More	2004
5.	Highlights of a GAO Forum: Workforce Challenges and Opportunities For the 21st Century: Changing Labor Force Dynamics and the Role of Government Policies Ways to deal with a tight labor market are discussed. Some strategies to address labor market shortages due to demographic trends and demand for higher skills include: increasing the effectiveness of ... Read More	2004
6.	District of Columbia Jail: Medical Services Generally Met Requirements and Costs Decreased, but Oversight is Incomplete Results from an evaluation of medical service delivery by the Center for Correctional Health and Policy Studies, Inc. (CCHPS) is provided. This report covers: CCHPS provides a range of services to ... Read More	2004
7.	Children Placed to Obtain Mental Health Services Problems related to the misuse of child welfare and juvenile justice systems for access to mental health services are addressed. Sections of this report include: results in brief; background; while ... Read More	2003
8.	Justice Outcome Evaluations: Design and Implementation of Studies Require More NIJ Attention The level of methodological adequacy exhibited in federally funded criminal justice program outcome evaluations is investigated. Two observations from this report include: most of the reviewed ... Read More	2003
9.	Federal Drug Offenses: Departures from Sentencing Guidelines and Mandatory Minimum Sentences, Fiscal Years 1999-2001 Differences in drug offense sentencing and documents used by the U.S. Sentencing Commission to record and analyze sentences are examined. This report covers: the results in brief; background; ... Read More	2003
10.	Justice Impact Evaluations: One Byrne Evaluation Was Rigorous; All Reviewed Violence Against Women Office Evaluations Were Problematic Findings from a review of selected aspects of OJP program evaluations of discretionary grants awarded by the BJA Byrne Program and the Violence Against Women Office (VAWO) are provided. Sections of ... Read More	2002
11.	Bureau of Prisons Contract Payments Overpayments to construction contractors were investigated. An audit revealed that "internal controls were in place and operating and that construction contract payments were correct, or, that if ... Read More	2002
12.	Denial of Benefits to Fugitive Felons The issues of the denial of Old Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) and Disability Insurance (DI) benefits to fugitive felons and the provision of the current address and social security number (SSN) ... Read More	2002
13.	Drug Courts: Better DOJ Data Collection and Evaluation Efforts Needed to Measure Impact of Drug Court Programs Recommendations for executive action based upon an analysis of the U.S. Department of Justice's efforts to collect data about drug courts is presented. Two conclusions are made: the DOJ has not ... Read More	2002
14.	PRWORA's Fugitive Felon Provisions The implementation and impact of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 are discussed. This report provides results in brief and a background to the ... Read More	2002
15.	Criminal Debt: Oversight and Actions Needed to Address Deficiencies in Collection Processes The effectiveness of the federal government's collection and management of fines and restitution is investigated. This report is comprised of an executive summary and the following chapters: ... Read More	2001
16.	Criminal Justice Statistics for Washington, D.C., and Other Major Cities City-to-city comparisons are made based upon Crime Index data and arrestee drug testing data. Cities compared to Washington, D.C. had populations of 450,000 or more. The District of Columbia had the ... Read More	2001
17.	D.C. Criminal Justice System: Better Coordination Needed Among Participating Agencies The D.C. criminal justice system is comprised of five D.C. agencies/D.C. funded, six federal agencies/federally funded, and three D.C. agencies/federally funded and two private organizations. This ... Read More	2001
18.	Prisoner Releases: Trends and Information on Reintegration Programs The successful reintegration of ex-offenders into communities is examined. Sections of this report include: results in brief; background; inmate releases and recidivism reflect a revolving door ... Read More	2001
19.	Prisoner Releases and Reintegration of Offenders Into Communities Challenges associated with prisoner release and reintegration are discussed. This testimony is comprised of the following sections: issue background; inmate releases and recidivism reflect a ... Read More	2001
20.	State and Federal Prisoners: Profiles of Inmate Characteristics in 1991 and 1997 Profiles of felons incarcerated in federal and state correctional facilities are presented. Sections of this report include results in brief, background, scope and methodology, agency comments, and ... Read More	2000
21.	Drug Abuse: Efforts Under Way to Determine Treatment Outcomes Activities supported by SAMHSA's Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment (SAPT) block grant and Knowledge Development and Application (KDA) block grant funds for drug abuse treatment, fund use ... Read More	2000
22.	Federal Prisons: Containing Health Care Costs for an Increasing Inmate Population There was an average annual increase in Bureau of Prison's (BOP's) health care costs from 1990 to 1999 of 8.6%. While BOP's per capita inmate health care costs rose continuously from 1990 - 1999, the ... Read More	2000
23.	District of Columbia: Issues Related to the Youngstown Prison Report and Lorton Closure Process In response to recommendations made in November 1998 regarding disturbances at the contract prison facility in Youngstown, Ohio, this report was generated. Specifically, this report discusses ... Read More	2000
24.	District of Columbia Receivership: Selected Issues Related to Medical Services at the D.C. Jail A private not-for-profit firm was awarded by the Receiver a contract to provide medical services to D.C. Jail inmates. Discussion surrounds the following answers to questions asked by the ... Read More	2000
25.	Federal Prisons: Responses to Questions Related to Containing Health Care Costs for an Increasing Inmate Population Included are six answers to questions raised following a subcommittee presentation on containment of costs for Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) inmate health care. The related testimony given can be ... Read More	2000
26.	Women in Prisons: Issues and Challenges Confronting U.S. Correctional Systems There has been a 500% increase in the number of female offenders incarcerated in prisons between 1980 and 1998. This increase is at a faster rate than that for male inmates (annual increase of 8.5% ... Read More	1999
27.	Criminal Aliens: INS' Efforts to Identify and Remove Imprisoned Aliens Continue to Need Improvement / Statement of Norman J. Rabkin In his address before the Immigration and Claims Subcommittee, Norman Rabkin reviews the Institutional Hearing Program and the Immigration and Naturalization Service's (INS) efforts to complete ... Read More	1999
28.	Federal Courts: Differences Exist in Ordering Fines and Restitution This report discusses the factors that influence whether a federal offender was ordered to pay a fine or restitution during fiscal year 1997. An important factor was the type of offense committed. ... Read More	1999
29.	Federal Courts: Differences Exist in Ordering Fines and Restitution This testimony outlines the results of the report "Federal courts: Differences Exist in Ordering Fines and Restitution" which discusses the factors that influence whether a federal offender was ... Read More	1999
30.	Women in Prison: Sexual Misconduct by Correctional Staff Focusing on the three largest correctional systems for women offenders and the District of Columbia, this report addresses staff-on-inmate sexual misconduct in women's prisons. From 1995 to 1998, the ... Read More	1999
31.	Prison Work Programs: Inmates' Access to Personal Information Of the 1,400 inmates participating in federal and state prison correctional industry work programs that had access to personal information through the programs, 1,100 had access to names, dates of ... Read More	1999
32.	Impact of Prisoner Incentive Programs Federal welfare reform legislation passed on August 22, 1996 authorized the Social Security Administration (SSA) to contract with correctional facilities to pay them a maximum of $400 for timely ... Read More	1999
33.	Truth in Sentencing: Availability of Federal Grants Influenced Laws in Some States For the 27 states that received federal grants in fiscal year 1997, 12 states, reported that the availability of the federal grants was not a factor in passing truth-in-sentencing legislation. Eleven ... Read More	1998
34.	Federal Prison Industries: Limited Data Available on Customer Satisfaction This General Accounting Office report on Federal Prison Industries focuses on the FPI's failure to collect and use customer satisfaction data in its effort to provide competitive timeliness, price, ... Read More	1998
35.	Drug Abuse: Research Shows Treatment Is Effective, but Benefits May be Overstated A number of studies provide evidence that drug abuse treatment is beneficial, but reliance on self-reported data may overstate treatment effectiveness. Reductions in drug use and criminal activity ... Read More	1998
36.	Federal Prison Industries: Delivery Performance Is Improving But Problems Remain The Federal Prison Industries (FPI) delivery performance showed that eight of the twelve months in fiscal year 1997 had better on-time delivery than the same months in fiscal year 1996, although it ... Read More	1998
37.	Federal Prison Industries: Information on Product Pricing Federal agencies are required by law to purchase Federal Prison Industries products if they are available, meet the agencies' requirements, and do not exceed current market prices. The General ... Read More	1998
38.	Criminal Aliens: INS' Efforts to Remove Imprisoned Aliens Continue to Need Improvement The results of this analysis show that the Immigration and Naturalization Service's (INS) performance has shown little improvement since the last study in 1995. This report indicates that 63 percent ... Read More	1998
39.	Gender Issues: Improved Guidance and Oversight Are Needed to Ensure Validity and Equity of Fitness Standards Recommendations made in this report focus on two main issues: 1. personnel in the military be tested in all three areas cited in the existing regulations - cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength ... Read More	1998
40.	Food Stamps: Substantial Overpayments Result from Prisoners Counted as Household Members Despite federal regulations prohibiting inmates from participating in the Food Stamp Program, this report identified 12,138 inmates who were included in households receiving food stamps. An estimated ... Read More	1997
41.	Privatization: Lessons Learned By State and Local Governments Six lessons learned from a review of six government privatization efforts (Georgia, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Virginia, and Indianapolis) include: 1. Privatization needs a political ... Read More	1997
42.	Criminal Aliens: INS' Efforts to Identify and Remove Imprisoned Aliens Need to Be Improved This report emphasizes that the Institutional Hearing Program (IHP) would be an effective way to achieve the timely deportation of eligible criminal aliens. It recommends that a nationwide data ... Read More	1997
43.	Federal Workforce: Agencies' Policies and Views on Flexiplace in the Federal Government The term "flexiplace" is an abbreviation for "flexible workplace," meaning working at locations other than the traditional government office, mostly at home. This report reviews the implementation of ... Read More	1997
44.	Drug Courts: Overview of Growth, Characteristics, and Results To assist Congress in its deliberations on whether to fund drug court programs, this report discusses (1) the universe of and funding for drug courts; (2) their approaches, characteristics, and ... Read More	1997
45.	Federal Offenders: Trends in Community Supervision Between 1990 and 1996, the total federal population under community supervision grew by about 10 percent. The probation population decreased by about 35 percent, the parole probation declined by 59 ... Read More	1997
46.	Sex Offender Treatment: Research Results Inconclusive About What Works to Reduce Recidivism Twenty-two reviews of research on sex offender treatment were identified for this report. Among these reviews, there was no consensus about what treatment works to reduce the recidivism of sex ... Read More	1996
47.	Executive Guide: Effectively Implementing the Government Performance and Results Act This document provides a step-by-step guide for implementing the new federal requirements for improving government performance. It suggests a particular practice consisting of 12 steps and ... Read More	1996
48.	Private and Public Prisons: Studies Comparing Operational Costs and/or Quality of Service Five studies completed since 1991 in the states of Texas, New Mexico, California, Tennessee, and Washington, are detailed in this document. Factors that could affect interstate comparisons of costs ... Read More	1996
49.	Supplemental Security Income: SSA Efforts Fall Short in Correcting Erroneous Payments to Prisoners A review of 12 jail systems revealed that a total of $5 million in SSI payments had been erroneously paid to prisoners. The Social Security Administration has begun emphasizing the necessity of ... Read More	1996
50.	Federal and State Prisons: Inmate Populations, Costs, and Projection Models This report focuses on trends in U.S. prison inmate populations and costs and details the incarceration rates from 1980 through 1994. It also tracks trends in prison operating costs for those years ... Read More	1996
51.	Cycle of Sexual Abuse: Research Inconclusive About Whether Child Victims Become Adult Abusers Twenty-five studies were reviewed to the question of whether persons who were sexually abused as children were at heightened risk of becoming sexual abusers of children in adulthood. Most (23) of ... Read More	1996
52.	Workforce Reductions: Downsizing Strategies Used in Selected Organizations This report presents a summary of the downsizing approaches used by public and private employers. It examines the planning involved, the methods used to reduce their workforces, and the human ... Read More	1995
53.	Drug Courts: Information on a New Approach to Address Drug-Related Crime The purpose of drug courts is to use the authority of the courts to reduce crime by changing offenders' drug-using behaviors. This report describes the key elements of drug courts such as eligibility ... Read More	1995
54.	National Fine Center: Implementation of Criminal Debt System Presents Challenges / Statement of Linda D. Koontz This document discusses the Administrative Office of the United States Courts' (AOUSC) efforts to centralize criminal debt accounting and reporting within the National Fine Center (NFC). This system ... Read More	1995
55.	Juvenile Justice: Juveniles Processed in Criminal Court and Case Dispositions This document examines issues related to juveniles sent to criminal (adult) court versus juvenile court. The study contains data on: the frequency with which juveniles have been sent to criminal ... Read More	1995
56.	Sentencing: Intermediate Sanctions in the Federal Criminal Justice System Using graphs, tables, and narrative, this briefing report provides descriptive information on intermediate sanctions in the federal criminal justice system. Specifically, the report identifies ... Read More	1994
57.	Bureau of Prisons Health Care: Inmates' Access to Health Care Is Limited By Lack of Clinical Staff This report evaluates the adequacy of the Federal Bureau of Prison's medical service and the effectiveness of its medical service's quality assurance program. The focus of this evaluation includes ... Read More	1994
58.	Restitution, Fines, and Forfeiture: Issues for Further Review and Oversight / Statement of Henry R. Wray This report summarizes the General Accounting Office's previous work on criminal monetary penalties, emphasizing such areas as: efforts to collect criminal debts arising from financial institution ... Read More	1994
59.	Illegal Aliens: Assessing Estimates of Financial Burden on California This report examines state population and cost data to estimate the fiscal impact of illegal aliens residing in California. The study focuses on the costs for education, Medicaid benefits and adult ... Read More	1994
60.	Managing for Results: State Experiences Provide Insights for Federal Management Reforms This report identifies various state governments' experiences in implementing management reforms. The states studied are: Florida, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oregon, Texas and Virginia. The report ... Read More	1994
61.	Management Reform: Implementation of the National Performance Review's Recommendations This report evaluates the implementation of the major government management reform initiatives contained in the 1993 National Performance Review (NPR). This NPR report contained 384 major ... Read More	1994
62.	Reengineering Organizations: Results of a GAO Symposium This report summarizes private sector best practices in reengineering based on the presentations of executives from five Fortune 500 companies. Based on their experiences, these executives discussed ... Read More	1994
63.	Executive Guide: Improving Mission Performance Through Strategic Information Management and Technology, Learning from Leading Organizations To learn how leading organizations apply information technology to improve mission performance, the information management practices of ten senior management teams were studied. Five private sector ... Read More	1994
64.	Prison Boot Camps: Short-Term Prison Costs Reduced, but Long-Term Impact Uncertain Based on a review of fifty-seven camps in twenty-six states, this report describes state and federal boot camp programs and includes data on their costs and impact on prison crowding and recidivism. ... Read More	1993
65.	Intensive Probation Supervision: Cost-Savings Relative to Incarceration This report evaluates Arizona's Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS) program, focusing on the extent to which the program can be a cost-saving alternative to incarceration. In its cost evaluation, ... Read More	1993
66.	Prison Inmates: Better Plans Needed Before Felons Are Released This study of the Bureau of Prisons' (BOP) prerelease planning was conducted to determine if BOP was providing release plans as required by a written agreement between BOP and the Probation and ... Read More	1993
67.	Prisoner Labor: Perspectives on Paying the Federal Minimum Wage Based on data collected from various federal and state prison systems across the U.S. this survey examines inmate labor wages and the potential impact of paying inmates minimum wage. It also presents ... Read More	1993
68.	Improving Government: Measuring Performance and Acting on Proposals for Change / Statement of Charles A. Bowsher, Comptroller General of the United States The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 would require a group of pilot agencies to develop strategic plans, set agreed-upon goals, and measure their progress toward those goals. It would ... Read More	1993
69.	Americans with Disabilities Act: Initial Accessibility Good But Important Barriers Remain This document examines compliance with and knowledge of Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements just before the act took effect. The study evaluates accessibility of various facilities by ... Read More	1993
70.	Federal Performance Management: Agencies Need Greater Flexibility in Designing Their Systems Through case studies of six federal agencies, researchers reviewed their federal performance management systems, with the intention of identifying elements of effective systems and obtaining ... Read More	1993
71.	Improving Government: Need to Reexamine Organization and Performance / Statement of Charles A. Bowsher Bowsher contends that in light of changing management concepts, missions, and roles, the federal government needs to rethink and restructure its management. Areas that Bowsher outlines include: ... Read More	1993
72.	Mandatory Minimum Sentences: Are They Being Imposed and Who Is Receiving Them? / Statement of Henry R. Wray In this review of 900 cases, researchers examined the use of mandatory minimum sentences: whether they are being imposed where required; who is receiving them; and their relationship to the ... Read More	1993
73.	Prisoner Labor: Perspectives on Paying the Federal Minimum Wage / Statement of Lynn H. Gibson, Associate General Counsel This report examines the potential effects on prison work programs and potential fiscal impacts if prisons were required to pay minimum wages for prisoner work. The study compares inmates' labor ... Read More	1993
74.	National Fine Center: Expectations High, but Development Behind Schedule The National Fine Center (NFC) is expected to centralize and streamline the government's processes for collecting, accounting, and reporting criminal debts. It is also intended to centralize payment ... Read More	1993
75.	Mandatory Minimum Sentences: Are They Being Imposed and Who Is Receiving Them? This report reviews the effects of changes made to federal sentencing policies during the 1980s. Specifically, the report analyzes mandatory minimum sentences for drug and firearm violations to ... Read More	1993
76.	Federal Prison Expansion: Overcrowding Reduced But Inmate Population Growth May Raise Issue Again This report reviews the Federal Bureau of Prison's efforts to reduce overcrowding and increase capacity. The report also examines available data on the impact of sentencing policies on the Bureau of ... Read More	1993
77.	Intensive Probation Supervision: Mixed Effectiveness in Controlling Crime The focus of this report is to evaluate the ability of Arizona's Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS) program to control criminal behavior. Two measures of criminal behavior, arrests for new crime ... Read More	1993
78.	Intensive Probation Supervision: Crime-Control and Cost-Saving Effectiveness GAO undertook a study of Arizona's Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS) program in order to understand the role such programs could play in future corrections policy. The study examines how well the ... Read More	1993
79.	Drug Use Measurement: Strengths, Limitations, and Recommendations for Improvement This report examines three nationally prominent drug use studies, evaluating the methodological strengths and limitations of each. The General Accounting Office (GAO) examined the National Household ... Read More	1993
80.	Drug Control: Treatment Alternatives Program for Drug Offenders Needs Stronger Emphasis This report provides the results of an assessment of the Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) program. TASC is an offender case management program designed to link drug-using offenders with ... Read More	1993
81.	Federal Prisons: Inmate and Staff Views on Education and Work Training Programs This report responds to concerns about the failure of many federal prison inmates to complete basic prison education programs and about the usefulness of these programs in providing inmates with ... Read More	1993
82.	Health Information Systems: National Practitioner Data Bank Continues to Experience Problems The National Practitioner Data Bank was created to help prevent unethical or incompetent health care practitioners from moving from state to state without disclosure of their previous incompetent ... Read More	1993
83.	Medicare: Millions in End-Stage Renal Disease, Expenditures Shifted to Employer Health Plans In 1990, Congress passed an act which affected Medicare beneficiaries with end-stage renal disease by extending the period of time for which employer-provided group health plans would be expected to ... Read More	1992
84.	Government Contractors: Are Service Contractors Performing Inherently Governmental Functions? Citing the difficulty in defining governmental functions, the U.S. General Accounting Office evaluates whether service contractors for selected government agencies are performing governmental ... Read More	1992
85.	Drug Abuse Research: Federal Funding and Future Needs Based on a review of drug abuse treatment research support funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the Office of Justice Programs, this report finds that such research appears now to have ... Read More	1992
86.	Government Management: Major Issues Facing the Congress In this statement, the Comptroller General of the United States identifies and discusses challenges faced by the nation and its political leadership. Among the issues the Comptroller addresses are: ... Read More	1992
87.	Prison Expansion: Staffing New Facilities Will Be a Challenge for BOP The Bureau of Prisons plans to open forty-seven new facilities and to expand sixteen others from 1992 to 1995. This report investigates potential shortfalls in recruitment, staffing, and training ... Read More	1992
88.	Federal Recruiting: Comparison of Applicants Who Accepted or Declined Federal Job Offers A summary report details the results of a survey of applicants who accepted or declined federal job offers for entry-level professional and administrative positions. Survey data include ... Read More	1992
89.	The Changing Workforce: Demographic Issues Facing the Federal Government With attention to predictions made in "Workforce 2000" and "Civil Service 2000," a GAO report on the changing workforce examines demographic issues facing the Federal government. Although experts ... Read More	1992
90.	Drug Control: Difficulties in Denying Federal Benefits to Convicted Drug Offenders Section 5301 of the 1988 Anti-Drug Abuse Act grants federal and state judges the sentencing authority to make convicted drug offenders ineligible for certain federal benefits, including: all federal ... Read More	1992
91.	The Changing Workforce: Demographic Issues Facing Employers / Statement of Rosslyn S. Kleeman Employers who are responding to recent demographic changes in the workforce and anticipating future changes appear to be in a better position to prosper and grow as the turn of the century ... Read More	1992
92.	Value Engineering: Usefulness Well Established When Applied Appropriately / Statement of L. Nye Stevens While GAO has consistently supported the use of value engineering as a cost saving technique in appropriate settings, such as in construction, weapons, and systems programs, it may not be useful in ... Read More	1992
93.	State and Federal Prisons: Factors That Affect Construction and Operations Costs From an analysis of thirty-six medium security prisons, this report finds that most of the variance in construction costs is attributed to the amount of space provided per inmate. Other contributing ... Read More	1992
94.	Sentencing Guidelines: Central Questions Remain Unanswered Data limitations have precluded a definitive comparison of earlier guidelines with the new guidelines to determine the reduction of sentencing disparity. Delays in implementation of the guidelines ... Read More	1992
95.	Immigration Control: Immigration Policies Affect INS Detention Efforts This report was compiled to detail the problem of overcrowding the INS is currently facing. Although the INS is planning an expansion to be completed by 1996, it will not significantly alleviate the ... Read More	1992
96.	Employee Drug Testing: Estimated Cost to Test All Executive Branch Employees and New Hires This report finds that it would cost approximately $168,189,800 annually to test all executive branch employees and new hires for drugs, provided administrative and other costs remained constant.... Read More	1992
97.	Federal Jail Bedspace: Cost Savings and Greater Accuracy Possible in the Capacity Expansion Plan A study of bedspace needs and agency response finds room for cost savings in housing federal detainees pending trial, sentencing, or immigration proceedings. The audit also questions findings of beds ... Read More	1992
98.	Employee Drug Testing: A Single Agency Is Needed to Manage Federal Employee Drug Testing This GAO review finds inconsistencies in testing policies and practices among 18 judgmentally selected executive agencies, wide variations in testing costs, and operational problems. It recommends ... Read More	1991
99.	Private Prisons: Cost Savings and BOP's Statutory Authority Need to Be Resolved GAO reports on the use of private prisons as a possible means of abetting crowding problems within the federal prison system. GAO identifies four states and sixteen local governments that have ... Read More	1991
100.	Noncriminal Juveniles: Detentions Have Been Reduced but Better Monitoring Is Needed In compiling this report, GAO used a questionnaire to gather information on the extent to which status offenders have been detained. GAO examined efforts to meet federal regulations within each ... Read More	1991
101.	Federal Criminal Justice System: A Model to Estimate System Workload A model developed by GAO examines the activities of federal criminal justice organizations through four distinct stages: investigation, prosecution, adjudication, and correction. The relation ... Read More	1991
102.	Prison Alternatives: Crowded Federal Prisons Can Transfer More Inmates to Halfway Houses This report finds that the Bureau of Prisons is not making full use of available halfway house beds, with 1,333 of 5,012 beds going unused during 1990. As the eleven halfway houses visited appear to ... Read More	1991
103.	Noncriminal Juveniles: Detentions Have Been Reduced but Better Monitoring Is Needed [Statement of Lowell Dodge] Lowell Dodge, Director, Administration of Justice Issues, General Government Division testified before the Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate. In his ... Read More	1991
104.	Drug Treatment: State Prisons Face Challenges in Providing Services This GAO report finds insufficient capacity for state prisons to provided drug treatment to an estimated 500,000 of 680,000 state inmates. State enhancement of drug treatment programming was found to ... Read More	1991
105.	Drug Treatment: Despite New Strategy, Few Federal Inmates Receive Treatment This GAO report found that only a small percentage of federal prison inmates with serious substance abuse problems are receiving drug treatment. An evaluation of the Bureau of Prisons' strategy finds ... Read More	1991
106.	The War on Drugs: Arrests Burdening Local Criminal Justice Systems Citing great increases in arrests for drug offenses, GAO reports on the extent of the drug problem, drug enforcement efforts, the trend in drug arrests, and impacts within the criminal justice system ... Read More	1991
107.	Mentally Ill Inmates: Better Data Would Help Determine Protection and Advocacy Needs Stating that the extent to which mentally ill inmates are subject to abuse or neglect remains unknown, the GAO discusses that the Protection and Advocacy for Mentally Ill Individuals Act of 1986 ... Read More	1991
108.	Federal Jails: Design and Construction Flaws in Los Angeles Facility Are Being Corrected This GAO report reviews efforts to correct design and construction deficiencies at the Bureau of Prisons' Los Angeles Metropolitan Detention Center. Specific consideration was given to: the ... Read More	1991
109.	Prison Cost: Opportunities Exist to Lower the Cost of Building Federal Prisons In an effort to identify opportunities for cost savings in the federal prison system, the General Accounting Office conducted an analysis of federal and state prison construction and operations costs ... Read More	1991
110.	Mentally Ill Inmates: BOP Plans to Improve Screening and Care in Federal Prisons and Jails The U.S. General Accounting Office reports on the identification and treatment of mentally ill inmates within correctional facilities operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP). The report notes ... Read More	1991
111.	Drug Interdiction: Funding Continues To Increase But Program Effectiveness Is Unknown The objectives of this report include providing the following information: funding for each interdiction program for fiscal years 1989 and 1990, quantities of drugs seized during fiscal years 1987 ... Read More	1990
112.	Hazardous Waste: Efforts to Address Problems at Federal Prisons GAO reports on the Bureau of Prisons' progress in resolving hazardous materials and waste handling problems.... Read More	1990
113.	Women in Prison: Inequitable Treatment Requires Action ... Read More	1980
114.	The Department of Justice Can Do More to Help Improve Conditions at State and Local Correctional Facilities ... Read More	1980
115.	Female Offenders: Who Are They and What Are the Problems Confronting Them? ... Read More	1979
116.	Correctional Institutions Can Do More to Improve the Employability of Offenders Offenders face limited opportunities to improve their employment prospects while in federal and state correctional facilities. While prison administrators face serious restrictions in their ability ... Read More	1979
117.	Conditions in Local Jails Remain Inadequate Despite Federal Funding for Improvements ... Read More	1976

Or, view the topic index.

What's in the library?

The focus of the Information Center's online library is on unpublished, operationally-oriented materials developed by correctional agencies. The online library also includes National Institute of Corrections publications and links to other corrections-related materials.

New In the Library

Date	Sort By Title
Today!	Changing Lives through Literature: An Alternative Sentencing Program This website provides information regarding Changing Lives through Literature (CLTL), the “alternative sentencing program based on the power of literature to transform lives through reading and group ... Accession Number: 024636.
Yesterday	Independent Review of Policies and Procedures of Correctional Facilities Operated by the Multnomah County Sheriff's Office Problems found during an investigation of correctional facilities operated by the Multnomah County Sheriff's Officer are reported. Sections of this independent review include: summary of ... Accession Number: 022006.
Sep. 07, 2010	Implementing Restorative Justice: A Guide for Schools This guide provides “School personnel with practical strategies to apply restorative justice” (p. 5). Sections of this publication include; why schools should use restorative justice; school ... Accession Number: 024050.
Sep. 01, 2010	Coaching Packets “Each of these Coaching Packets provides an overview of a key topic related to successful offender reentry, concrete strategies and key steps for enhancing practice in this area, and a "self ... Accession Number: 024641.
Sep. 01, 2010	The School-to-Prison Pipeline…and Back: Obstacles and Remedies for the Re-Enrollment of Adjudicated Youth “In this article, [the authors] consider the disturbing reluctance of schools to allow delinquent youth to continue their education and the high dropout rates for youth returning from juvenile ... Accession Number: 024642.
Sep. 01, 2010	Florida Model Jail Standards In addition to the Florida Model Jail Standards (FMJS), this website provides access to: FMJS--Revisions Highlighted (07/31/09); August 2010 Jail Inspectors Class Memo; Tallahassee Inspectors Class ... Accession Number: 024624.
Sep. 01, 2010	The NAMI NJ Do and Don’t Card for Law Enforcement Education: Mental Illness Crisis This pocket card explains what to do and not to do when interacting with mentally ill people during a crisis. Accession Number: 024632.
Sep. 01, 2010	Juvenile Delinquency Probation Caseload, 2007 Those people involved with juveniles under probation will find this fact sheet interesting. Observations made include: one-third of all delinquency cases disposed in 2007 received probation as the ... Accession Number: 024633.
Sep. 01, 2010	Static-99 Clearinghouse A wealth of information regarding this sex offender risk assessment instrument for adult males is available at this website. Points of entry are Static-99 documents, training, Static-2002 documents, ... Accession Number: 024635.
Sep. 01, 2010	National GAINS Center “The GAINS Center's primary focus is on expanding access to community based services for adults diagnosed with co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorders at all points of contact with ... Accession Number: 024625.
Sep. 01, 2010	Establishing and Maintaining Medicaid Eligibility upon Release from Public Institutions Individuals involved in acquiring Medicaid benefits for mentally ill ex-offenders returning to the community will find the lessons learned from this study helpful. The development and implementation ... Accession Number: 024645.
Sep. 01, 2010	Prisons and Terrorism: Radicalization and De-Radicalization in 15 Countries Anyone involved with prisons should read this report. It “identifies trade-offs and dilemmas but also principles and best practices that will help governments and policymakers spot new ideas and ... Accession Number: 024646.
Sep. 01, 2010	State Correctional System Officers’ Retirement Programs: Results from a 50-State Survey This information will be of interest to people involved with the retirement of state correctional system officers. Responses from this survey cover whether a separate retirement system exists for ... Accession Number: 024649.
Sep. 01, 2010	Sexual Victimization in Prisons and Jails Reported by Inmates, 2008-09 Results from the second National Inmate Survey (NIS-2) documenting inmate sexual assault are presented. The NIS-2 “is part of the National Prison Rape Statistics Program, which collects ... Accession Number: 024652.
Sep. 01, 2010	Policies and Procedures of the Illinois Juvenile Justice System This report provides an overview of the Illinois juvenile justice system including the processes related to an incident, police custody and arrest, pre-trial, trial or plea, sentencing hearing, ... Accession Number: 024653.
Aug. 30, 2010	Delinquency Cases in Juvenile Court, 2007 Statistics regarding juvenile court cases are organized according to counts and trends, gender, race, age, detention, intake decision, waiver to criminal court, and adjudication and disposition. Accession Number: 024634.
Aug. 30, 2010	Project POOCH Information about and from Project POOCH can be found on this website. Project POOCH (Positive Opportunities, Obvious Change with Hounds) is a program began in 1993 at the MacLaren Youth Correctional ... Accession Number: 024609.
Aug. 30, 2010	A History of Prison Inmate-Animal Interaction Programs The use of animal-facilitated programming in prisons is examined. This is done with a detailed look at historic precedents and current programs. While more research is needed, it appears that animal ... Accession Number: 024604.
Aug. 30, 2010	Pound Puppies: The Rehabilitative Uses of Dogs in Correctional Facilities This article provides a nice overview of the role dogs can play in an inmate’s rehabilitation. Topics discussed include: the roots of animal therapy; three types of assistance dog training—guide dog, ... Accession Number: 024605.
Aug. 30, 2010	The Experiences of Offenders in a Prison Canine Program The experiences of participants in the prison-based Indiana Canine Assistant and Adolescent Network (ICAAN) are explored. Findings are presented for the following themes—patience, parenting skills, ... Accession Number: 024606.
Aug. 30, 2010	Perspectives of Youth in an Animal-Centered Correctional Vocational Program: A Qualitative Evaluation of Project Pooch The experiences of incarcerated youth participating in the Project POOCH program are explored. Global themes reported are: patience and responsibility; developing a relationship; work ... Accession Number: 024608.
Aug. 30, 2010	Healing Invisible Wounds: Why Investing in Trauma-Informed Care for Children Makes Sense The need to fund services for juveniles affected by traumatic events is explained. Topics discussed include traumatic experiences affect on brain development in children; traumatic brain injury and ... Accession Number: 024619.
Aug. 30, 2010	Prison Count 2010: State Population Declines for the First Time in 38 Years The 0.3% drop in the number of individuals held in U.S. prisons (from December 31, 2008 to December 31, 2009) is discussed. Sections of this brief cover the wide range of state trends, what is ... Accession Number: 024620.
Aug. 30, 2010	Cities Pave the Way: Promising Reentry Policies that Promote Local Hiring of People with Criminal Records Individuals involved with helping ex-offenders find employment after their release from incarceration will find this guide very interesting. It “assembles the most promising local policies that ... Accession Number: 024622.
Aug. 30, 2010	The Real Costs and Benefits of Change: Finding Opportunities for Reform During Difficult Fiscal Times Individuals advocating for cost-effective juvenile justice reform need to turn to this guide “to help reinforce the value, both in terms of dollars and substance, of progressive programming for ... Accession Number: 024621.
Aug. 30, 2010	Expanding Opportunity: Employing the Formerly Incarcerated in the Green Economy This paper can help individuals “in their work to overcome systemic barriers and fundamentally transform the opportunities of people with criminal records in society and build healthy communities of ... Accession Number: 024626.
Aug. 30, 2010	The High Budgetary Cost of Incarceration Anyone interested or involved in reducing correctional expenditures should read this paper. Sections following an executive summary are an introduction; incarceration nation; cost, punishment; the ... Accession Number: 024627.
Aug. 30, 2010	The Impact of Parental Imprisonment on Children This report is necessary reading for those people involved with the children of inmates. It brings together what is known about how children are impacted by a parent’s imprisonment and offers ... Accession Number: 024628.
Aug. 30, 2010	System Change Accomplishments of the Corporation for Supportive Housing’s Returning Home Initiative Individuals looking to establish a supportive program for housing people being released from prison will find the challenges and successes of the Returning Home Initiative useful in formulating their ... Accession Number: 024631.
Aug. 26, 2010	Sexual Assault in Jail and Juvenile Facilities: Promising Practices for Prevention and Response: Final Report This is essential reading for anyone tasked with eradicating the sexual assault of incarcerated individuals. Eleven promising practices are described: leaders who promote values; officials who seek ... Accession Number: 024644.
Aug. 26, 2010	A Guidebook for Less-Lethal Devices: Planning for, Selecting, and Implementing Technology Solutions “This guide is designed to provide a comprehensive view of less-lethal technologies, their evolutionary role in criminal justice, and considerations when acquiring such devices to meet operational ... Accession Number: 024647.
Aug. 24, 2010	Volunteer Programs: Enhancing Public Safety by Leveraging Resources: A Resource Guide for Law Enforcement Agencies This publication is “a resource guide for chiefs of police, sheriffs, and other executives of state and local law enforcement agencies interested in establishing or enhancing volunteer programs ... Accession Number: 024567.
Aug. 23, 2010	Evaluation of the Ridge House Residential Program: Final Report The effectiveness of the Ridge House program to reduce recidivism is examined. Ridge House is a “spiritually-based, short-term transitional housing program that provides substance abuse treatment and ... Accession Number: 024568.
Aug. 23, 2010	It’s About Time: Aging Prisoners, Increasing Costs, and Geriatric Release This report, “based upon a statutory review of geriatric release provisions…offers recommendations for responding to the disparities between geriatric release policies and practice” (p.2). Agencies ... Accession Number: 024569.
Aug. 23, 2010	Making Things Right: Meaningful Community Service for Juvenile Offenders Issues surrounding juveniles doing community service are addressed. Topics discussed include: what community service is; meaningful community service; community in three jurisdictions—Deschutes ... Accession Number: 024566.
Aug. 23, 2010	Reentry Programs Database This searchable database includes “descriptions of reentry programs and initiatives from across the country…[which] highlight promising efforts that may provide valuable ideas for policymakers to ... Accession Number: 024579.
Aug. 23, 2010	Office of Justice Programs’ Management of Its Offender Reentry Initiatives Results from an evaluation of the Office of Justice Programs’ (OJP’s) two major offender reentry initiatives are presented and analyzed. Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; ... Accession Number: 024581.
Aug. 23, 2010	The California Miracle: Drastically Reduced Youth Incarceration, Drastically Reduced Youth Crime Individuals interested in the relationship between reduced youth crime and reduced incarceration of youth should read this article. Its authors investigated juvenile incarceration and crime trends ... Accession Number: 024576.
Aug. 23, 2010	PA-CO-OCCURRING.ORG: Co-Occurring Resource & Information Center While local sources of information may be specific to Pennsylvania, the majority of the information on this website can benefit those who are suffering from co-occurring disorders and those who are ... Accession Number: 024582.
Aug. 23, 2010	Recidivism Drops in Those Supervised by MH Courts A short overview of findings by North Carolina State University researchers is presented. During a two-year period, 72% of those who completed the mental health court process where not rearrested. ... Accession Number: 024577.
Aug. 23, 2010	Strengthening Sex Offenders’ Spouses This detailed outline covers sex offender chaperone training. Topics discussed include: reasons to train partners and others as chaperones; what chaperones must know; chaperone strengths; chaperone ... Accession Number: 024583.
Aug. 23, 2010	LRA [Less Restrictive Alternative] Chaperone Information Guide and Training Protocol This guide “is intended to assist those individuals who have elected to serve as a volunteer chaperone for an individually who is civilly committed [and]…is also intended to serve as a training tool” ... Accession Number: 024584.
Aug. 23, 2010	Prisoners' Right to Read: An Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights This document explains why inmates have a right to particular forms of information while incarcerated. Accession Number: 024585.
Aug. 19, 2010	New Jail Planning: Getting It Right Lessons learned from four communities that built new jails are related. This is done by utilizing the four major steps of the Facility Developmental Process model: determine the need and feasibility; ... Accession Number: 024347.
Aug. 18, 2010	Guide to the State Juvenile Justice Profiles "This bulletin introduces users to the history, content, and design of the State Juvenile Justice Profiles web site" (p. 1). Sections comprising this publication are: introduction; the Great Debate ... Accession Number: 021940.
Aug. 18, 2010	TPC Case Management Handbook: An Integrated Case Management Approach “This handbook is designed for teams of correctional and noncorrectional staff at the policy, management, and line staff levels who have been charged with implementing improvements in supervision and ... Accession Number: 024393.
Aug. 17, 2010	Supervising Low-Level Sex Offenders in the Community: An Integrated Model This training program “is a collaborative response to supervising sex offenders and focuses on the role of probation and parole officers. The curriculum uses an interactive format to help staff ... Accession Number: 024623.
Aug. 17, 2010	Section 9. Risk Assessment Instrument The development of a risk assessment tool to be used at the detention intake of a juvenile offender is described. This document covers goals, key elements, history, collaboration, implementation, ... Accession Number: 024552.
Aug. 17, 2010	Ohio Pretrial Risk Assessment Tool The creation and validation of the Ohio Risk Assessment System is explained. Two documents comprise this collection: “Creation and Validation of the Ohio Risk Assessment System: Final Report” by ... Accession Number: 024551.
Aug. 17, 2010	Locked Up & Out: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Youth in Louisiana’s Juvenile Justice System The strategies offered for addressing the challenges LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) youth must deal with in correctional facilities will provide guidance for other correctional ... Accession Number: 024560.
Aug. 17, 2010	Report: Lane County’s Public Safety Risk Assessment Tool The development and validity of the Risk Assessment Tool (RAT), a “semi automated computer database that is used by the State Court Pretrial Services Office in partnership with the Lane County ... Accession Number: 024550.
Aug. 17, 2010	Tracking Inmates and Locating Staff with Active Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID): Early Lessons Learned in One U.S. Correctional Facility The use of active radio-frequency identification (RFID) to strengthen a correctional agency’s operations and safety is investigated. Four chapters are contained in this report: introduction; ... Accession Number: 024557.
Aug. 17, 2010	Racine County Pretrial Risk Assessment Information regarding the Racine Pretrial Risk Assessment process is provided. Individuals thinking about creating pretrial risk assessments should look over the material in this packet. Documents ... Accession Number: 024549.
Aug. 17, 2010	Pretrial Risk Assessment and Case Classification: A Case Study The use of the Pretrial Bond Supervision (PTBS) program to objectively make recommendations to judges about cash bonds or “supervised release” is explained. This article discusses: the primary ... Accession Number: 024556.
Aug. 17, 2010	Overview of Research Findings on Pretrial Risk Assessment and Pretrial Supervision If you are contemplating the use of another agency’s pretrial risk assessment tool without modification to your own organization’s needs you may want to read this report. The use of pretrial risk ... Accession Number: 024555.
Aug. 17, 2010	Examining the Potential Use of a Pretrial Risk Assessment Tool in King County, Washington: Final Report If you are thinking of using a pretrial risk tool in your area, this publication may answer some of the questions you have. Sections of this report include: introduction; benefits and questions ... Accession Number: 024554.
Aug. 17, 2010	The Looming Challenge of Dementia in Corrections Issues related to inmates with dementia are discussed. Sections of this article are: addressing the problem; tip of the iceberg—40 year forecast; we need to do better at early detention; once ... Accession Number: 024546.
Aug. 17, 2010	Virginia Pretrial Risk Assessment Instrument (VPRAI) This pretrial assessment instrument is a great resource for developing and implementing or retuning such a tool for your agency. This collection contains: “VPRAI Instruction Manual Version 1.2”; "VA ... Accession Number: 024545.
Aug. 17, 2010	Pretrial Justice Institute (PJI) This should be the first stop on your search for pretrial services information. Points of entry are: about PJI; PJI’s services; pretrial services; analysis and research; diversion programs; ... Accession Number: 024553.
Aug. 17, 2010	Operation of GAF in a Correctional Setting The use of the GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning) in a correctional setting is explained. Accession Number: 024563.

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