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Understanding the Federal Courts

Often called "the guardians of the Constitution," federal courts protect Constitution rights and liberties through court rulings. This guide provides a short but comprehensive overview of the federal court system. Sections cover: the Constitution and the federal judiciary; federal courts in the U.S. government -- relations with Congress, the Executive Branch, and the public; court structure -- trial and appellate courts, and the U.S. Supreme Court jurisdiction; judges -- appointment and compensation, ethics, and senior and recalled judges; the judicial process in brief -- an adversarial system, fees and cost of litigation, procedural rules for conducting litigation, civil and criminal cases, jury service, bankruptcy cases, and the appeals process; federal judicial administration -- individual courts, circuit judicial councils, the Judicial Conference of the U.S., and national administration; commonly asked questions; common legal terms; and directories of U.S. District Courts and U.S. Courts of Appeals. Accession Number: 015463

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